Read online ebook Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomedicine: Patently Innovative : How Pharmaceutical Firms Use Emerging Patent Law to Extend Monopolies on Blockbuster Drugs by Ron A. Bouchard TXT, FB2
9781907568121 1907568123 Lexi likes baking with her cupcake club, but the club president is inviting new members, and Lexi is not so sure about being cast in the school's production of Romeo and Juliet when her secret crush is playing Romeo., Patently innovative provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products. Includes empirical research to relate innovation to drug lawA multidisciplinary approach is taken, including the intersection of IP (intellectual property) law, drug law and innovationDiscusses the impact of government regulation on firm innovation, Summary: The availability of generic and brand-name drugs worldwide is a function of a combination of traditional patent law incentives and emerging 'linkage regulations', which legally tie brand and generic drug approval to drug patents through mandatory litigation for generic firms. Together, these systems of intellectual property law operate to shape the marketplace for brand and generic pharmaceuticals, and thus determine the costs of public and private drug expenditures and access to essential medications in developed and developing nations. The patent monopoly system has been in operation for about 500 years, with early patent laws in Italy and the United Kingdom. By contrast however, the linkage regime has only been in existence for 25 years following passage of the Hatch Waxman Act in the United States in 1984. By 2010, we were witnessing a global spread of the linkage regime stimulated in part by multilateral Free Trade Agreements with the United States and the European Union, which typically oblige participating nations to incorporate linkage provisions in exchange for preferential trade terms. Moreover, there appears to be movement afoot to broaden the concept of linkage outside the drug approval process to include that between patent rights and international trade regulation. Therefore, linkage regulations in respect of pharmaceuticals are emerging as a key driver of public health costs on the global stage. Patently innovative provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products. The work focuses on assessment of empirical data pertaining to: firstly, how linkage regulations, which legally tie drug patenting to drug approval for both brand-name and generic pharmaceutical firms can be used by sophisticated drug companies to substantially extend monopoly protection on blockbuster drugs; and, secondly, how incentives provided by government to stimulate pharmaceutical innovation can antecedently shape the rate and direction of innovation by firms in a manner opposite to that intended as a result of unintended consequences. Particular attention is given to data relating to trends in the development of 'new' and 'follow-on' drugs and the relation of these trends to the institution of reforms in drug law and patent law intended to stimulate innovation. About the author: Dr Ron A. Bouchard is an intellectual property lawyer and scholar, specializing in the innovation, regulation, and litigation of biomedical products. His career has focused on the science, law, policy, regulation, and commercialization of medical technologies. He began his career as a medical scientist, completing a PhD and Postdoctoral Fellowship in the field of ion channel biophysics and Ca2+ imaging. He shifted focus to obtain a law degree specializing in pharmaceutical and biotechnology law and has been involved in the prosecution, acquisition, financing, distribution, and litigation of intellectual property rights. Contents: Introduction; Background: drug approval, drug patenting, pharmaceutical linkage, and public health policy; Empirical analysis of drug approval; Empirical analysis of pharmaceutical innovation and drug approval-drug patenting linkage; Empirical analysis of drug patenting in multiple high-value cohorts; Implications of empirical data: are pharmaceutical linkage regulations a success?; Future directions: testable hypotheses and evolution toward global pharmaceutical linkage, The availability of generic and brand name drugs worldwide is a function of a combination of traditional patent law incentives and emerging "linkage regulations", which legally tie brand and generic drug approval to drug patents through mandatory litigation for generic firms. Together, these systems of intellectual property law operate to shape the marketplace for brand and generic pharmaceuticals and thus determine the costs of public and private drug expenditures and access to essential medications in developed and developing nations. This book provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products., The availability of generic and brand-name drugs worldwide is a function of a combination of traditional patent law incentives and emerging 'linkage regulations', which legally tie brand and generic drug approval to drug patents through mandatory litigation for generic firms. Together, these systems of intellectual property law operate to shape the marketplace for brand and generic pharmaceuticals, and thus determine the costs of public and private drug expenditures and access to essential medications in developed and developing nations. The patent monopoly system has been in operation for about 500 years, with early patent laws in Italy and the United Kingdom. By contrast however, the linkage regime has only been in existence for 25 years following passage of the Hatch Waxman Act in the United States in 1984. By 2010, we were witnessing a global spread of the linkage regime stimulated in part by multilateral Free Trade Agreements with the United States and the European Union, which typically oblige participating nations to incorporate linkage provisions in exchange for preferential trade terms. Moreover, there appears to be movement afoot to broaden the concept of linkage outside the drug approval process to include that between patent rights and international trade regulation. Therefore, linkage regulations in respect of pharmaceuticals are emerging as a key driver of public health costs on the global stage. This book provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products. The work focuses on assessment of empirical data pertaining to: firstly, how linkage regulations, which legally tie drug patenting to drug.
9781907568121 1907568123 Lexi likes baking with her cupcake club, but the club president is inviting new members, and Lexi is not so sure about being cast in the school's production of Romeo and Juliet when her secret crush is playing Romeo., Patently innovative provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products. Includes empirical research to relate innovation to drug lawA multidisciplinary approach is taken, including the intersection of IP (intellectual property) law, drug law and innovationDiscusses the impact of government regulation on firm innovation, Summary: The availability of generic and brand-name drugs worldwide is a function of a combination of traditional patent law incentives and emerging 'linkage regulations', which legally tie brand and generic drug approval to drug patents through mandatory litigation for generic firms. Together, these systems of intellectual property law operate to shape the marketplace for brand and generic pharmaceuticals, and thus determine the costs of public and private drug expenditures and access to essential medications in developed and developing nations. The patent monopoly system has been in operation for about 500 years, with early patent laws in Italy and the United Kingdom. By contrast however, the linkage regime has only been in existence for 25 years following passage of the Hatch Waxman Act in the United States in 1984. By 2010, we were witnessing a global spread of the linkage regime stimulated in part by multilateral Free Trade Agreements with the United States and the European Union, which typically oblige participating nations to incorporate linkage provisions in exchange for preferential trade terms. Moreover, there appears to be movement afoot to broaden the concept of linkage outside the drug approval process to include that between patent rights and international trade regulation. Therefore, linkage regulations in respect of pharmaceuticals are emerging as a key driver of public health costs on the global stage. Patently innovative provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products. The work focuses on assessment of empirical data pertaining to: firstly, how linkage regulations, which legally tie drug patenting to drug approval for both brand-name and generic pharmaceutical firms can be used by sophisticated drug companies to substantially extend monopoly protection on blockbuster drugs; and, secondly, how incentives provided by government to stimulate pharmaceutical innovation can antecedently shape the rate and direction of innovation by firms in a manner opposite to that intended as a result of unintended consequences. Particular attention is given to data relating to trends in the development of 'new' and 'follow-on' drugs and the relation of these trends to the institution of reforms in drug law and patent law intended to stimulate innovation. About the author: Dr Ron A. Bouchard is an intellectual property lawyer and scholar, specializing in the innovation, regulation, and litigation of biomedical products. His career has focused on the science, law, policy, regulation, and commercialization of medical technologies. He began his career as a medical scientist, completing a PhD and Postdoctoral Fellowship in the field of ion channel biophysics and Ca2+ imaging. He shifted focus to obtain a law degree specializing in pharmaceutical and biotechnology law and has been involved in the prosecution, acquisition, financing, distribution, and litigation of intellectual property rights. Contents: Introduction; Background: drug approval, drug patenting, pharmaceutical linkage, and public health policy; Empirical analysis of drug approval; Empirical analysis of pharmaceutical innovation and drug approval-drug patenting linkage; Empirical analysis of drug patenting in multiple high-value cohorts; Implications of empirical data: are pharmaceutical linkage regulations a success?; Future directions: testable hypotheses and evolution toward global pharmaceutical linkage, The availability of generic and brand name drugs worldwide is a function of a combination of traditional patent law incentives and emerging "linkage regulations", which legally tie brand and generic drug approval to drug patents through mandatory litigation for generic firms. Together, these systems of intellectual property law operate to shape the marketplace for brand and generic pharmaceuticals and thus determine the costs of public and private drug expenditures and access to essential medications in developed and developing nations. This book provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products., The availability of generic and brand-name drugs worldwide is a function of a combination of traditional patent law incentives and emerging 'linkage regulations', which legally tie brand and generic drug approval to drug patents through mandatory litigation for generic firms. Together, these systems of intellectual property law operate to shape the marketplace for brand and generic pharmaceuticals, and thus determine the costs of public and private drug expenditures and access to essential medications in developed and developing nations. The patent monopoly system has been in operation for about 500 years, with early patent laws in Italy and the United Kingdom. By contrast however, the linkage regime has only been in existence for 25 years following passage of the Hatch Waxman Act in the United States in 1984. By 2010, we were witnessing a global spread of the linkage regime stimulated in part by multilateral Free Trade Agreements with the United States and the European Union, which typically oblige participating nations to incorporate linkage provisions in exchange for preferential trade terms. Moreover, there appears to be movement afoot to broaden the concept of linkage outside the drug approval process to include that between patent rights and international trade regulation. Therefore, linkage regulations in respect of pharmaceuticals are emerging as a key driver of public health costs on the global stage. This book provides a review of the importance of traditional patent law and emerging linkage regulations for pharmaceutical products on the global stage, with a focus on the linkage regime in Canada. The primary focus is on how innovation in the pharmaceutical sector can be strongly regulated and how government regulation can either stimulate or inhibit development of breakthrough products. The work focuses on assessment of empirical data pertaining to: firstly, how linkage regulations, which legally tie drug patenting to drug.